Review of Women and Society in Educational Research

Question: Discuss about the Review of Women and Society in Educational Research. Answer: Introduction: This article has briefly explained the political scientists and sociologists different view-point on power. According to sociologists the power is greatly centralized and as described by the political scientists, it is widely diffused. Both Bachrach and Baratz contend further that neither of the notions gives the clear picture. They postulated the two faces of power. They say neither of the two faces is seen by the sociologists and the political scientists see only one of these two faces. In this article, the authors have focused on both the two faces of power. The author feels the first face of power deals with the powers on critical issues and the second is defined as restrictive by them. The article has given a deep insight on the relationship of the behavior of the individual and the exercise of power. The authors in this article has also discussed on the decision making and control. In this article, the major focus is on power. It also provides information about the status of co nflict and its role in exercising power. This journal has discussed about the position of women in the Saudi Arabian society. It has highlighted how Saudi Arabia is a blend of religion and culture. The author has described on how and why the culture and religion prevailing here is posing difficulties for the government over women education. The author here has reviewed various literatures on the women and society in this country. Along with this, Islamic Feminism in the Saudi Arabian society and Feminist theories are been discussed in this journal. Furthermore, the author has also elaborated on the status of women in this society and in their Holy Book- Quran; as well as an in-depth comparison in both of them. In this book, the author undertakes an in-depth analysis of the urban women prevailing in the Saudi Arabian society. It is one of the most welcome additions to the gradually growing literature on the sociological analysis of the non-Western women. This book is a combination of ethnographical framework and self-reflexivity that leads to a gradation interpretation of the communal interpretation of the women of Saudi Arabia in their own terms. The book has focused on many things. They include- the impact of class and the family belonging, analysis of the how rapidly the country has undergone economic development etc. This book has beautifully demonstrated the fact that the Saudi Arabian society is truly transforming itself in accordance to the current royal reforms, which has greatly influenced the life of the women in this country. All these sources have helped me a lot in testing my thesis. They helped me with numerous resources to analyze my test. The information that these book, journal and article are associated to are directly linked with my thesis paper questions and have assisted me n great terms to answer them. All these resources have presented an idea in response to my thesis test. The test could not have taken this form without the help of these authors and their literary and academic writing. References: Bachrach, P., Baratz, M. S. (1994). Two Faces of Power.Power: Critical Concepts,2, 85. Al Alhareth, Y., Al Alhareth, Y., Al Dighrir, I. (2015). Review of women and society in Saudi Arabia.American Journal of Educational Research,3(2), 121-125. Le Renard, A. (2014).A society of young women: opportunities of place, power, and reform in Saudi Arabia. Stanford University Press.

Franz Joseph Haydn free essay sample

Franz Joseph Haydn is a composer who elevates the purposes and accomplishment of the Classical period. Possibly his greatest achievement was the fact that he established and advanced in many perceptive ways and the most significant organized notion in the memoir of music. He was a perfectionist in the set of expectations regarded as sonata form which made a massive impact. In As many as hundreds of sonatas, stringed quartets and symphonies, Franz broke both new ground and supplied durable models, as a matter of fact he was one of the creators of the fundamental genres of the classical music. He Influenced later composers In an Immense way.His most renowned student, Beethoven was the Immediate recipient of Franz genius musical Imagination. Heydays shadow prowls wealth the music of some composers Like Brahms, Schubert and Mendelssohn. Rhea most acknowledgeable achievement In Heydays formal competence can be said to be his sense of humor, his sentiments for the unpredictable, twist of elegance. We will write a custom essay sample on Franz Joseph Haydn or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Symphony number ninety four, where the composer yanks the audience members ho characteristically fall asleep during movements that are slow in movements with Eden and unpredicted interference of a fortissimo chord when a passage of quietude occurs. Haydn has produced 340 hours more that Mozart, Beethoven, Bach or Handle has produced. Haydn was a tireless worker who has an endless musical imagination and also was prolific. He was the last well-known beneficiary of the noble patronage of the system that fostered European musical composition from the time of the Renaissance. He was born in an Austrian village called Aurora and became a choirboy at the SST. Stephens Cathedral navigate an early age of eight.Haydn lived a very successful and long life which yielded the fruits of his own creativity and hard work before encountering his sad end. By the time the Stretchers introduced their activities of music in 1790, He was very well known everywhere in Europeans regarded as the paramount composer alive. Haydn quit composing in the year 1 803, thereafter prorogued his correlation with a brief quotation in music which contained the content that all his strength was gone and that he was weak and old.

The Worlds Impact on Trade essays

The Worlds Impact on Trade essays In the early fifteenth century the way of transportation was via ship. This transatlantic world called for other means of survival than just food alone. Therefore, people needed more to stay alive and pleased. Ships helped out with many tasks including getting from one part of the world to the other, discovery of new territories, cultures, foods, and goods, but most importantly, it helped out with trade. Through the help of the ship, brave sailors, and newly discovered merchandise, trade helped Europe dominate and expand over the world. It is difficult to comprehend how Europe became so powerful when the view of the globe was so narrow. They did this through purchasing goods, moving them to another territory where they were not known and selling them for a profit. This was known as mercantilism and the Europeans did it with much eagerness. By the sixteen hundreds, the Europeans covered most of the shores of America and came into contact with Africa. Africa was a home to wealthy kingdoms, primarily in West Africa, based on a trade of gold for salt. West Africa needed salt and North Africa wanted gold. Europe came to be involved with Africa in what started out as wanting a part of the gold, but ended up overpowering the cities in Africa. They took the feeble citizens as slaves to sell for trade, and they succeeded in doing so. Some citizens volunteered as indentured servants thinking that they were going to be paid, but it ended up as a rude awakening for them. Slaves, sadly, provided cheap and reliable lab or to provide commodities for the west European markets. About ten million slaves from Africa ended up in the New World plantations, while many more were captured and died on the way over. If there was a profit to be made, the people were interested. The Europeans economy changed from a large negotiating financial system to a moneymaking system. Merchandise from all over circulated through Europe and they...

Rowlandson's self-presentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Rowlandson's self-presentation - Essay Example The purpose of this paper is to examine Rowlandson’s narrative, discussing her self-description throughout the captivity ordeal. According to Rowlandson ,2 prior to her capture, she lived in prosperity with all the comforts of the world, including wealth and family. She also disregarded others around her, dismissing their suffering, poverty and losses. As a consequence, Rowlandson believed that God was punishing her by taking away all her comforts in order to ensure that she became aware of all that God had given her. Rowlandson’s description of her plight under captivity typifies the Puritan culture and the purpose of religion and gender in the Puritan society. 3In accordance with Puritan beliefs, Rowlandson repeatedly quotes Bible verses so as to affirm her descriptions of the world of contrast, consisting of good and evil and light and darkness. Rowlandson’s utilization of scripture demonstrates how she drew strength from the Bible in her time of weakness, typ ifying Puritan beliefs in the providence and grace of God and how they shape all worldly events. For instance, when she was unaware of her children’s whereabouts, she opted to cast her burden to God in order to receive sustenance. Essentially, this narrative demonstrates the inherent differences between the cultures of colonists and natives. This account is valuable since it provides a female perspective in a field that is largely dominated by males. Rowlandson’s account of her eleven weeks in captivity provides a succinct description of the way non-Puritan individuals faced incredible devastations. Through Rowlandson’s experiences, it becomes clear how Americans considered other societies, including colonists with extreme disdain. Rowlandson shows how Indians captured Puritans such as herself in order to use them primarily for their skills. Indian natives required Rowlandson to knit clothes for them, allowing her to keep living since they deemed her skills to b e beneficial to them. Rowlandson’s narrative is remarkable since it provided a way through which a Puritan woman could have an individual voice within the Puritan society. Rowlandson’s narrative was one of the best books of its time since it offered a long-lasting impact on the history of women within the colonial society.4 Throughout her narrative, Rowlandson grants a voice to Puritan women who were initially silenced by male dominance in a society that deemed women more as property possessed by men, than individuals capable of maintaining their individuality and self-awareness. In her narrative, Rowlandson details her struggles not only as an individual living in the Puritan society, but as a woman whose individuality was stripped by the Puritan society’s excessive focus on men. The vast majority of narratives written regarding Indian captivity were composed by women since they served as interesting subjects compared to their male counterparts. 5Rowlandsonâ₠¬â„¢s narrative is significant owing to the time in which it was composed; the account chronicles the early relations between Indians and Europeans. Rowlandson’s narrative shows how she attempted to affirm her sense of identity as a Puritan woman. In the Puritan society, women and men were deemed equal on the spiritual front but were considered inferior to men on the social scene. This is evidenced by women’s inability to vote or play a vital role in the public arena, akin to slaves and children. Through the account of her struggles in captivity,

Five easy pieces and the reflection of alienation in the 70s Essay

Five easy pieces and the reflection of alienation in the 70s - Essay Example Five Easy Pieces directed by Bob Rafaelson is among the greatest films of the Hollywood 1970’s golden era. In the film, the character of Bobby Dupea is the archetype of numerous heroes from that period. Bobby gets stuck in two worlds (Rafaelson). He is a man who cannot fit into the American society and is making efforts to find a place where he truly belongs. One of the outstanding features of the 1970’s films was the character’s struggle to deal with the problem of alienation that was prevalent in the America at that time. This emerged from the sixties as the rejection of both the working class and leisure class values. The film portrays an individual trying so hard to deal with the alienation problem without being a counter culture hippie. Most of the post sixties era exhibited the theme of alienation. The theme of alienation also defined the 70’s era. However, in recent films of the 1990’s and 1980’s era, alienation has been reflected to t he extreme with the so bloody and violent action films. The heroes in these movies are violent, anti-social and alienated. They have no societal respect at large. The first scenes of â€Å"Five Easy Pieces† show the main character Bobby as a typical oil mine worker. Bobby puts a lot of energy in his work to get his money. He spends his leisure time playing time drinking beer, playing cards, watching television and bowling.   At the beginning of the film, Bobby gets reflected as a happy person, but as the film progresses he gets revealed. as a man dissatisfied with his life (Rafaelson). Rayette’s clingy mature annoys Bobby so much. He loathes country music and dislikes the way his girlfriend lives her life through Tammy Wynette songs. Rayette seems to play songs for every occasion of her life. When they go out with their friends Stoney and Elton, Bobby could not enjoy the bowling. He is angry and highly competitive at Rayette’s inexperience in the game. At some point, he later cheats on his girlfriend with a woman named Sally Struthers. This shows the relationship trend at the time, where men cheated on their wives and girlfriends (Boyer 87). In contrast with his coworker and friend Elton, Bobby hates the life that comes with their job. Elton loves spending time with his wife and kid. His job at the oil field is due to lack of skills and that the job provides the basic needs for his family. Elton represents the working class who are in pursuit of the American dream. Bobby is more interested in worldly things. This film is a reflection of how the mid-seventies society got focused on the American dream. The contrast between the two characters gets clearly depicted in the scene where Elton and Bobby are in stuck in the freeway

A Network Technology And Data Communications Information Technology Essay

A Network Technology And Data Communications Information Technology Essay A WAN, or Wide Area Network, is a network that covers a large area, for example computers on opposite sides of the planet communicating. Usually, WANs are 2 or more LANs (Local Area Networks) connected together. One of the most well-known examples of a WAN is something we all use every day: the Internet. Types of WANs PTO Switched Services Here I will look at some of the most commonly known examples of PTO Switched Services. Circuit Switching Circuit switching is based on the sender and receiver making the most of the full communication channel for the length of the communication. This type of switching can be found in the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) where telephone calls are started by the person dialling but arent completed until the person receiving the call answers. The main advantage of circuit switching is that it is extremely reliable for what it does. Another advantage is that once the connection is set up, it is fast to use and relatively error-free. The disadvantages include the cost of the initial set up and the time that it takes to set up the particular channel. There is also the chance of a failure at one point causing a disruption in all communications. Lastly, although there are many paths available, you can only communicate on one path at a time, meaning that if you want to talk to someone else you will have to start the process again, in the same vein once a path is established that channel will be unavailable to other users. To attempt to overcome the problems of circuit switching, packet switching was introduced. Examples of Circuit Switching PSTN PSTN, or Public Switched Telephone Network, is a circuit-switching network that uses internationally agreed codes and unique identifiers (telephone numbers) to operate. The PSTN network was originally made for fixed-line analogue telephone systems but the PSTN is now almost completely digital and also incorporates mobile telephones alongside analogue ones. ISDN ISDN, or Integrated Services Digital Network, is a communications standard used internationally to send data, including voice and video, over digital or regular phone lines, at the same time. One of the most well known uses of ISDN is for Internet access, with ISDN providing a maximum speed for upload and download of 128 Kbit/s. Leased Lines A leased line is a symmetric telecommunications line connecting two locations for voice and/or data communications. Unlike PSTN lines, leased lines dont have a telephone number; instead each side of the line is permanently connected to the other. Usually, leased lines are used by businesses to directly connect offices that are far apart, however shorter distances are also used for convenience. The main difference between leased lines and dial-up connections is that a leased line is always active. The main advantage of leased lines is the guarantee of a high level of quality, this is because the connection doesnt carry anybody elses data. Packet Switching Packet switching is a communications method that works by splitting the data being sent into smaller chunks, called packets. When the data is sent it can end up being sent through different paths to arrive at its destination. Each time a packet goes through a switch, router or adapter it is buffered and queued, which can slow down how quick the packets arrive at their destination, which also means the order of delivery can also be different. Examples of Packet Switching X.25 X.25 is one of the oldest packet-switched services that are still available and used, although it is now being replaced by less complex protocols, like IP (internet Protocol). It was developed before the OSI Reference Model so the protocol suite is essentially just three layers, which are almost the same as the lower three layers of the seven-layer OSI model (Physical, Data and Network layers). X.25 is designed to operate effectively regardless of which systems are connected to the network. It is typically used by telephone service providers which allows them to charge their customers based on their use of the network. Frame Relay Frame relay is a telecommunication service geared towards cost-efficient data transmission between local area networks and wide area networks. Frame relay sends packets at the data link layer of the OSI model rather than at the Network layer. A frame can use packets from different protocols such as Ethernet and X.25 and is also variable in size with some being as large as 1000bytes or more. Frame Relay was originally a stripped-down version of X.25, but managed to distance itself from the error-correcting which is most commonly associated with X.25. Instead when Frame Relay finds an error, it just drops the packet. Frame Relay works on the basis of shared-access and uses a technique known as best-effort, where error-correction is almost obsolete however there is also no guarantee of reliable data delivery, instead it leaves the error correcting to each end of the connection. SMDS SMDS, or Switched Multimegabit Data Service, is a telecommunications service that provides connectionless, high-performance, packet-switched data transport. As SMDS is neither a protocol nor a technology, it means that it can support standard protocols and communications interfaces that are using current, as well as future, technology. SMDS can use either fibre or copper-based lines and works on the data link and physical layers of the OSI model. Mobile and Broadband Services The greatest change to WANs and most internet services in the near future is expected to be the rise and increase of quality in mobile and broadband services and standards. ATM ATM, or Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a data link as well as a network layer circuit switched protocol which is connection based. For example a logical connection has to be made between both end points before data can start to be sent or received. ATM also divides the data being sent into small sized cells, each consisting of 53 bytes (48 Bytes for Data and 5 Bytes for Header Information). The process of splitting the data into a fixed size is what makes ATM different from packet switched networks that use different length packets, like IP. xDSL DSL, or Digital Subscriber Line, provides customers with digital services through their telephone system. The x simply means that there are a range of different DSL technology available. DSL is probably the most used method for people to access digital services, such as the internet as it is cheaper than leased lines and also faster than ISDN, with speeds of upto 1.5Mb/s download speed and 128kb/s upload speed available on ADSL (Asymmetric DSL). This is down to the fact that DSL uses a digital modem rather than an analogue one, meaning that the data doesnt need to be converted before it is sent.

Why did Virgil Want to Burn The Aeneid? :: History Historical Papers

Why did Virgil Want to Burn The Aeneid? Publius Vergilis Maro, known to us as Virgil, was born Oct 15, 70 BC in Northern Italy. Octavius, who had always been a friend of Virgil, became Emperor in 27 BC, adopting the name of Augustus. He made Virgil in a sense, a court poet, "although [Virgil] always retained his independence of thought and expression" (Milch 7). However it was the Emperor's initial idea, and not Virgil's own, for him to write the Aeneid. Virgil accepted the project although he later wrote that "he thought he must have been just about mad to attempt the task" (Quinn 73). In the end, after working on the project for eleven years, Virgil thought he had failed in the attempt. He planned a three year trip to Greece and Asia to try to fix what he thought was wrong with the Aeneid. But he died before he could finish, and on his deathbed Virgil asked for the manuscript to be burned. It is puzzling that the author of such a masterpiece, hailed by many as the best piece of literature ever written, and certainly one of the most influential, could look upon his work this way. Not just that it hadn't lived up to his expectations, but that it was bad enough that it should be burned. It doesn't seem to me that Virgil would have asked this simply because he didn't want people to read his work unless it was perfect. He must have thought that there was something actually dangerous about the Aeneid in its present form. In order to try to guess why Virgil believed the Aeneid to be such a failure, it is important to first be familiar with what Virgil was trying to accomplish with the story. Augustus wanted it to be an epic which glorified Rome and ultimately himself. Virgil himself had a passion for Italy and the peace, order, and security that could come as a result of the Augustan age. He had grown up in the midst of civil war and experienced first hand the pain and suffering that it caused. Uniting all Italy under one rule would put an end to civil war and this was Augustus' plan. So in that sense Virgil shared Augustus' vision and was an ideal choice to write the epic. But Virgil also had a deep hatred for all wars and battles, a sentiment which is hinted at in the text of the Aeneid many times.